Improved clay-machinery



t i' @iti MMO GEORGE D. GQODRICH, F CHICAG, ILLIN`0IS.

-Letters Patent No. 86,148, dated January 26, 1869.

The Schedule referred to inthese Lettera Patent and making part of the same.

To all whom it may conce/rn Be it known that I, GEORGE D. Goonmon, ofthe city of Chicago, 'inthe county of. Cook, and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements vin Machinery for Working .Clay and other plastic materials; and I do hereby declar'e the following to be a full, clear, and exactdescriptio'n thereof, which l will enable others skilled in the art to make and use Figure 4, a front view, with the expansionheads'at. 4tached; and

Figure 5, a side view of the main head. f

Like letters refer to the same parts in all of the figures.

*The nature and object of my. inventionconsist in constructing a machine for Working clay, or other plastic material, so as to produce enlarged ends, heads, or collars on clay pipe, for sewerage and drainage-purposes, and for forming or enlarging the ends or bodies of cylindrical clay or other bodies formed of plastic maten'al, and in so arranging the parts that there shall be one or more heads or formers mo ving outward from the centre of revolution of the machine, and the centre of the clay or other cylindrical body to be enlarged.

To enable others skilled in the art to make and use my machine, I will proceedto describe its construction and operation. y

A represents a-suitable frame-work for sustaining and holding the operative parts.

B represents an adjustable belt or pulley-wheel, by which, or by other suitable-device, motion is imparted to the shaft C.

The shaft G is made hollow, or cylindrical, as shown,

and its outer end, Q, is enlarged, as shown, for the puipose of affording room for the extension-arms.

This enlarged portion is not necessarily cylindrical, i

as arms can be used to make the connection between the shaft C and head, I. I A

At the outer end of Q a head, P, is attached, the diameter of which will 4be determined by the size of the ipe or other articles to be applied.

'This head, as shown, is provided with four equidisktant radial guide-grooves or slots, J, which said grooves J are provided with side slots or grooves, K.

This head, P, when attached. at the back, can be made of a single-piece, but it will be Yfound'more convenient to make it of separate pieces, asshown at iig. 5, 'not only in forming the slots K, but inputting the parts together. L

In that portion of .the grooves J which is below K, I insert short blocks, I, as shown at g. 1, and to these blocks I, I fasten the pieces M, which extend from the outer end of I down toward the centre, as shown.

vThese partsM are provided with ledges or guides, L, at their sides, fitting the slots K, and they also extend out, so as to lill the remaining portion of the guidegrooves J, anda little distance beyond the` face of the head, P.

If desired, the parts I, L, and M, can be made of a single piece, or they' may be made separatelyy and fastened together. v

To these sliding pieces M, I attach expansive headpieces N, as shown at lig. 4, which are made in segments, and are made thicker on one side than on the other, as shown at f g, iig. 2,`aud so attached to M,

Vthat when in motion the thin er reduced edge g will be in advance of the other.

To these head-pieces N, at vthe inner side, I attachl segmental projections 0. which extend out as far as itis desired to enlarge the pipe or other article. For drain or sewerage-tile, from one and one-half to two inches will be sufieient.

These projections O are attached so that the front 'or advance ends, It, will be nearer their centre of rotation than the rear ends,

The reason for so locating them, and for placing the reduced edges of N in advance is, that in handling clay by machinery, and particularly in expanding it from the inside, a clear, sharp, and well-defined edge for'the clay to pass oli` from is necessary, to give a smooth surface and prevent cracking.

These expansive heads N are operated by a rod or bar, D, which passes through cylindrical shaft O.

At the rear end of this rod there is a stop or button, R, and `at the front end a collar provided with f arms, E.

To these arms E are pivoted, .at c, curved arms a, and to ythese curved arms a' are pivoted, at d, curved arms b, which (b) are pivoted to I, at e.

' The reasons-for ]'ointingl the curved arm a b at d are,

. that the machine can' be made to occupy less space, and also to move with greater power `and traverse a greater distance.

Immediately in front of these arms a b is the circular plate orv plates G F. This plate is made in two parts, so that the section F, which has the guide-grooves for the arms a b, will always accommodate itself to the position of the arms without moving the spring H. It can, however, be made of one piece, but I prefer it when made in two parts, as shown.

They are held in pla ce,'andv pressed against the arms c b, by the spring H', which arrangement operates as a guide for such arms, keeping them in place, and yielding, so as to allow the arms to operate freely and effectually, when power is applied, at R, to expand the front.

The power is applied at R by alever or any other suit- .able means.

In operation, the pipe, in its plastic state, is placed in a suitable trough, or conveyed, in the one in which it was originally formed, to the front of the machine. The rod D is retracted, which brings the projections O as near the centre of the machine as is desired, when the pipe is brought over them, and against the expansion-heads N, when pressure is applied at R, gradually expanding the projections O, until a head or -opening in the pipe, of suicient size, is formed.

The heads or segments N can be secured to M in' different positions, so as to fit the projection O to dif. ferentsized pipes or other articles, Without changing the-expansion or contraction produced by operatingv the rod D, as shown at k, iig. 3.

' t will be obvious that pipes can' be enlarged by the use of one of these expansion-heads N, provided with projection O, although not with the same rapidity, and that crooks with straight sides can be made by substantially the same machinery, the only change required -being to provide the projections O with oblique grooves or projections, to draw the clay towards the head,and placing the head, l), horizontally. v

Heads to tile, for sewerage and draining-purposes,

can be made upon the same principle, by using one' head, and gradually moving the pipeto the one side of the centre of motion of the machine,as, by' such an arrangement -of the parts, the movement from the centre is transferred from the machine to the pipe vas described.'

3. The presser-head N, constructed with the rear edge o r end, f, thicker than the advance edge or end', g,

y substantially as and for the purposes speciiied.

` 4. The projectionslO, when so `constructed and attachedthat the end h will be nearer the centreof rotation than the end t', sov as to prevent cracking or checking the pipes and preserve a smooth surface, substantially as specified;

GEORGE D. GOODRIOEL Witnesses: v

JOHN E. Dow,

W. H'. BROWN. 

